What are the two types of Sentinel Surveillance?

What are the two types of Sentinel Surveillance?

• A. Reporting of health events by a sample of clinics/clinicians who are selected to represent a geographic area or a specific reporting group; Using sentinel species to detect outbreaks
• B. Active surveillance and Passive surveillance
• C. Registries and NWSS
• D. VAERS and AERS

Answer: (A)

Sentinel surveillance relies on targeted sources to watch for disease activity and outbreaks. The two common forms are: first, reporting of health events by a sample of clinics or clinicians chosen to represent a geographic area or reporting group—these sentinel sites provide timely, representative data without having to capture every case. Second, using sentinel species to detect outbreaks—the use of animals as early warning indicators can reveal environmental or zoonotic risks before they appear in humans, since they may be affected earlier or reflect broader hazards in the environment. Together, these approaches create focused, early-warning signals that help public health respond quickly. The other options describe broader surveillance concepts or unrelated systems, not the two specific sentinel sources described here.

Sentinel surveillance relies on targeted sources to watch for disease activity and outbreaks. The two common forms are: first, reporting of health events by a sample of clinics or clinicians chosen to represent a geographic area or reporting group—these sentinel sites provide timely, representative data without having to capture every case. Second, using sentinel species to detect outbreaks—the use of animals as early warning indicators can reveal environmental or zoonotic risks before they appear in humans, since they may be affected earlier or reflect broader hazards in the environment. Together, these approaches create focused, early-warning signals that help public health respond quickly. The other options describe broader surveillance concepts or unrelated systems, not the two specific sentinel sources described here.